預防初老毛孩眼疾的自然食療

Natural Diet Therapy for Preventing Eye Diseases in Early-Aging Furry Children

毛孩最讓人覺得可愛之處，就是有著一雙水汪汪、天真無辜的大眼睛，即使把家裡搞得天翻地覆、全身髒兮兮，只要牠們兩個眼睛直盯著我們，就會讓人忍不住想趕快抱緊處理、怒氣全消。 The most adorable thing about furry friends is their big, watery, innocent eyes. Even if they mess up the house and get covered in dirt, as long as they stare at us, we can't help but want to hug them and deal with them quickly, and all our anger will disappear.

除因遺傳問題，可能導致毛孩罹患各種眼睛疾病如視網膜剝落或萎縮、青光眼、白內障、眼瞼內翻或異常、淚眼症，也有可能因睫毛倒插或容易情緒緊張、分離焦慮、缺乏安全感引起淚痕，或是因為細菌感染等引起眼睛各種症狀。基本上都可以從給予營養充分的鮮食中獲得改善。 Besides genetic issues, pets may suffer from various eye diseases such as retinal detachment or atrophy, glaucoma, cataracts, entropion or abnormal eyelids, and lacrimal disease. Other eye conditions may also be caused by inverted eyelashes, tear stains due to emotional stress, separation anxiety, lack of security, or bacterial infections. These conditions can generally be improved by feeding them nutritious, fresh food.

年輕型的犬白內障多為基因缺陷造成，常在6歲前就發病，好發的犬種為貴賓、臘腸、拉不拉多、黃金獵犬、瑪律濟斯、比熊、柴犬、雪納瑞。 Young-onset cataracts in dogs are mostly caused by genetic defects and often occur before the age of 6. The most susceptible dog breeds are Poodles, Dachshunds, Labradors, Golden Retrievers, Maltese, Bichon Frise, Shiba Inu, and Schnauzers.

其他如吉娃娃、博美、蝴蝶犬、西施、法鬥、巴哥、拉布拉多、邊境、北京犬、可卡、波士頓、喜樂蒂、靈緹、鬥牛、伯恩山犬、哈士奇、牧羊犬、柯基、獒犬、松獅、沙皮等亦常出現。

Others such as Chihuahua, Pomeranian, Papillon, Shih Tzu, French Bulldog, Pug, Labrador, Border Terrier, Pekingese, Cocker Spaniel, Boston Terrier, Shetland Sheepdog, Greyhound, Bulldog, Bernese Mountain Dog, Husky, Sheepdog, Corgi, Mastiff, Chow Chow, Shar-Pei, etc. are also commonly seen.

保護毛孩眼睛健康，平時可多餵食如紅蘿蔔、南瓜、高麗菜、紫薯、青椒、糙米、胚芽米、肝臟、瘦肉、牛奶、豆類、綠色蔬菜、芭樂、奇異果、橘子、堅果類、魚肉等食物。 To protect your pet's eye health, you can feed it more foods such as carrots, pumpkin, cabbage, purple sweet potatoes, green peppers, brown rice, germ rice, liver, lean meat, milk, beans, green vegetables, guava, kiwi, oranges, nuts, fish, etc.

毛孩常見眼疾與食療 Common eye diseases and dietary treatments for pets

溢淚調理 Epiphora Treatment

從動物西醫角度如睫毛倒插、細菌感染、鼻淚管阻塞等都容易導致眼睛異常分泌產生淚痕，但如果長期西藥或通鼻淚管治療都無法根治，則多可判斷可能為毛孩體質肝火過旺引起，可多給予降火氣食物，如綠豆芽、小黃瓜、冬瓜、西瓜、綠豆、薏仁等，並搭配枸杞菊花茶做飲用水調理。 From the perspective of veterinary Western medicine, ingrown eyelashes, bacterial infection, and nasolacrimal duct obstruction can easily lead to abnormal eye secretions and tear marks. However, if long-term Western medicine or nasolacrimal duct dredging treatment cannot cure the problem, it can be judged that it may be caused by excessive liver fire in the pet's constitution. You can give the pet more foods that reduce fire, such as mung bean sprouts, cucumbers, winter melons, watermelons, mung beans, coix seeds, etc., and use wolfberry and chrysanthemum tea as drinking water.

菊花有去風熱、養肝明目的功效，搭配枸杞煮成水後常溫放涼給毛孩當飲用水喝，但菊花建議取出避免餵食為佳。 Chrysanthemum has the effect of removing wind-heat, nourishing the liver and improving eyesight. After boiling it with wolfberry into water, let it cool at room temperature and give it to your pet as drinking water. However, it is recommended to remove the chrysanthemum and avoid feeding it to your pet.

白內障調理Cataract treatment

白內障是原本透明清澈的水晶體變得混濁，因而造成視網膜模糊。一般來說老化是造成白內障的主因，但也會因為環境或體質的改變，如外傷、藥物、糖尿病、新陳代謝異常而提早產生。針對輕微症狀多採取點眼藥來減緩白內障症狀，嚴重到幾乎失明才會考慮開刀。 Cataracts occur when the previously clear lens of the eye becomes cloudy, blurring the retina. Aging is generally the primary cause of cataracts, but they can also develop prematurely due to environmental or physical changes, such as trauma, medications, diabetes, and metabolic abnormalities. For mild symptoms, eye drops are often used to alleviate them. Surgery is only considered when cataracts are severe enough to threaten blindness.

目前狗狗眼科醫療技術非常進步，在白內障未完全成熟時進行手術成功率極高。很多失敗案例在於術後的照顧，因為狗狗不懂得保護自己，只知道癢了就去抓、去磨，導致無法恢復正常視力。 Currently, canine ophthalmology technology is very advanced, and the success rate of cataract surgery is very high when it is performed before the cataract is fully mature. Many failures are due to postoperative care, because dogs do not know how to protect themselves and only scratch and rub when they itch, resulting in the inability to restore normal vision.

以中醫觀點而言，狗狗白內障就是圓翳內障，先天不足或是肝腎陰虛最為常見。其他原因如脾虛、肝經風熱、陰虛濕熱甚至外傷等，治療方式也會不同，例如肝腎陰虛，主要滋養肝腎，肝經風熱則需平肝清熱且疏風，陰虛濕熱以養陰、清熱、除濕為主。在初期症狀時可以一邊點眼藥一邊食療來改善，也可搭配動物針灸加強療效。 From a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) perspective, cataracts in dogs are round cataracts, most commonly caused by congenital deficiency or liver and kidney yin deficiency. Other causes, such as spleen deficiency, wind-heat in the liver meridian, yin deficiency and damp-heat, or even trauma, require different treatments. For example, liver and kidney yin deficiency focuses on nourishing the liver and kidneys. Liver meridian wind-heat requires calming the liver, clearing heat, and dispersing wind. Yin deficiency and damp-heat focus on nourishing yin, clearing heat, and removing dampness. In the early stages of symptoms, eye drops and dietary therapy can be used to improve symptoms, and animal acupuncture can also be used to enhance the therapeutic effect.

毛孩如有白內障等眼疾，建議可以補充富含花青素、維生素A、B2、類胡蘿蔔素（β胡蘿蔔素、葉黃素、玉米黃素、茄紅素）等營養食物來做預防保健。如動物肝臟、蛋黃、紅蘿蔔、南瓜、地瓜、紫甘藍、菠菜、芥菜、綠花椰菜、西洋芹、枸杞、蕃茄、櫻桃、西瓜、草莓、柑橘，但仍要掌握少量多樣化原則均衡餵食即可。 If your pet has eye problems like cataracts, it's recommended to supplement with nutritious foods rich in anthocyanins, vitamins A and B2, and carotenoids (beta-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, and lycopene) for preventive care. Examples include animal liver, egg yolks, carrots, pumpkin, sweet potatoes, red cabbage, spinach, mustard greens, broccoli, celery, goji berries, tomatoes, cherries, watermelon, strawberries, and citrus fruits. However, it's important to maintain a balanced diet with a small amount of variety.

另外不管什麼體質的狗狗都適合食用的青江菜，含有豐富的維他命C、鈣質及葉酸，能除煩躁、解熱、通腸胃消化、去油解膩、治療便秘。青江菜纖維細嫩，很適合給狗狗吃，能幫助開胃、維持牙齒、骨骼的強壯。 Bok choy is also suitable for dogs of all constitutions. It is rich in vitamin C, calcium, and folic acid, which can relieve irritability, reduce fever, promote digestion, remove greasiness, and treat constipation. Bok choy has a delicate fiber structure, making it a great choice for dogs, as it can stimulate their appetite and maintain strong teeth and bones.

它富含β胡蘿蔔素與維他命Ａ，除了有助於防癌、預防老化、滋潤皮膚，對於眼睛的保養也有幫助。 It is rich in beta-carotene and vitamin A. In addition to helping prevent cancer, prevent aging, and moisturize the skin, it is also helpful for eye care.

維生素B群是保護視神經及預防白內障很重要的營養素，包括動物內臟及肉、蛋、牛奶、糙米、黃豆、芝麻、全穀類、蕎麥、栗子、豌豆及綠色葉菜類等，都富含維生素B群。 Vitamin B group is a very important nutrient for protecting the optic nerve and preventing cataracts. Animal offal and meat, eggs, milk, brown rice, soybeans, sesame seeds, whole grains, buckwheat, chestnuts, peas and green leafy vegetables are all rich in vitamin B group.

而維生素C是很重要的抗氧化營養素，維生素E能抗氧化及維持細胞功能，缺乏時也容易發生白內障。 Vitamin C is a very important antioxidant nutrient, and vitamin E can be anti-oxidant and maintain cell function. Cataracts are prone to occur when it is deficient.

乾眼症調理Dry eye treatment

乾眼症是因為淚腺功能降低或喪失導致淚液量或質不足而產生眼睛的病變，且引起的原因很多，是無法完全根治的一種眼科疾病，但仍可以藥物如促進淚腺功能眼油劑、動物用人工淚液、局部眼用廣效性抗生素或飲食來做控制和舒緩。 Dry eye syndrome is an eye disease caused by insufficient tear quantity or quality due to reduced or lost tear gland function. It has many causes and is an eye disease that cannot be completely cured. However, it can still be controlled and relieved with medications such as eye oils that promote tear gland function, artificial tears for animals, topical broad-acting antibiotics for the eyes, or diet.

當罹患乾眼症時會造成眼睛反復的發炎及感染、眼屎及眼睛分泌物變多、眼白部較紅充血、眼角膜乾燥失去光澤且沈澱黑色素，眼角膜病變隨著時間會持續惡化至失明並且有角膜潰瘍受損甚至穿孔。 When you suffer from dry eye syndrome, it will cause repeated inflammation and infection of the eyes, increased eye mucus and eye secretions, redness and congestion of the whites of the eyes, dryness and loss of luster of the cornea, and the deposition of melanin. Corneal lesions will continue to worsen over time until blindness occurs, and corneal ulcers, damage, and even perforation may occur.

餵食上可多補充魚肉和維生素A、C及B群食材像球莖甘藍、綠色花椰菜、彩椒和菠菜、大白菜、空心菜、番茄、紅蘿蔔、南瓜、蘆筍、地瓜、黃豆、芝麻、枸杞、哈密瓜、奇異果、草莓、柑橘和木瓜等。 You can add more fish and vitamins A, C and B group foods such as Brussels sprouts, green broccoli, bell peppers and spinach, cabbage, water spinach, tomatoes, carrots, pumpkin, asparagus, sweet potatoes, soybeans, sesame seeds, wolfberries, cantaloupes, kiwis, strawberries, citrus and papayas.

作者：寵膳媽媽 陳蓁

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